Physicochemical and fatty acid profile of egusi oil from supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

Abstract

Oil extraction from egusi seeds using supercritical CO2 extraction method was performed using series of operational parameters, temperature (55, 60, 75 C), flow rate (30 g/h) and pressure (450, 600 bar). Egusi oil (EO) extracted at 60 C, 30 g/h and 450 bar (EO1); 55 C, 30 g/h and 600 bar (EO2) and 75 C, 30 g/h and 600 bar (EO3) were investigated in a plant scale supercritical equipment. The fatty acid composition of egusi oil was analysed using gas chromatography, with result showing a high linoleic acid approximately (53%) and oleic acids (19%). The index of atherogenicity (IA%) and thrombogenicity index (IT %) were significantly low for the three oil samples, indicating its health benefits. Oxidative stability of egusi oil was analysed by Methrohm 743 Rancimat, confirming a less oxidised oil. Hence, egusi oil can be used as a raw material in dietary supplements and as a functional oil in the food industry.