Voltage control in future electrical distribution networks

Abstract

The integration of non-dispatchable energy resources and distributed storage in distribution networks is creating a challenge for optimal voltage regulation in real-time. The current technology deployed will not be able to respond to technical challenges that will be imposed by the future grid. The existing voltage control schemes will limit the widespread adoption of renewable energy resources in the future grid if not addressed properly. A review of existing control methodologies and a coordinated operation of distributed energy resources (DER) is needed to address voltage control, security and quality of supply problems in the future South African distribution network. The integration of DER, which could address voltage control problems will be a significant concept in the future. This paper reviewed some of the latest global research on voltage control in active distribution networks with respect to DER technologies, control techniques, strategies and optimization methods. The literature shows that a control strategy has to be implemented that takes advantage of available technologies, control techniques, monitoring and communication, that will mitigate grid stability problems. Voltage control schemes, which operates in real-time, will need to be implemented to support the changing network requirements. Voltage control problems in the future South African distribution network could be mitigated by a coordinated operation and integration of DER, using intelligent control strategies.