Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment using a static granular bed reactor coupled with single stage nitrification-denitrification and ultrafiltration systems

Abstract

This study evaluated the performance of a lab-scale poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) treatment system consisting of a static granular bed reactor (SGBR) coupled with single stage nitrification-denitrification (SND) bioreactor and ultrafiltration membrane module (ufMM) systems. The feasibility of treating PSW to a water quality standard compliant with industrial wastewater discharge standards was investigated. The SGBR was operated at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranging from 24 to 96 h and organic loading rates (OLRs) ranging from 0.73 to 12.49 g COD/L.day, for 138 days. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and fats, oils and grease (FOG) removal efficiencies achieved by the SGBR averaged 80%, 95%, 89% and 80%, respectively. The SND bioreactor achieved total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies of 33% and 79% for the SGBR effluent, when operated in down-flow mode without aeration and up-flow mode with aeration, respectively. The ufMMs, operated in dead-end filtration mode, were able to further reduce the COD and TSS by an average of 65% and 54%, respectively. The results for the PSW treatment system demonstrated the combined benefits of biological and physical treatment processes, with averaged COD, ortho-phosphate (PO4 3−-P), TSS and total dissolved solids (TDS) removal efficiencies of 91%, 51%, 97% and 52%, respectively, being achieved over 52 days. The final effluent was deemed suitable for discharge; although, the PO4 3- and NH4 +-N requires further monitoring and the PSW treatment system design requires refinement.