Revisiting Maslow’s hierarchy: the recognition and acknowledgment of greatness in others

Abstract

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a broadly accepted framework in psychology that offers valuable insights into human motivation. The initial five-tier model has been applied across numerous spheres of influence. Later revisions incorporated self-transcendence and emphasised the importance of contributing beyond individual fulfilment. This study criticises and expands on Maslow’s framework by suggesting an additional dimension, namely the recognition and acknowledgment of greatness in others. This is followed by a conceptual exploration of two distinct perspectives within this anticipated dimension, while drawing from the self-determination theory and social motivation research. The first perspective interprets recognition as a fundamental segment of self-transcendence, which aligns with Maslow’s highest level of need. It suggests that recognising others’ greatness mirrors the individual’s shift from personal fulfilment to a focus on the collective good. The second perspective suggests that recognition constitutes a distinct motivational need and is situated between esteem and self-actualisation. There is therefore a perceived link between self-accomplishments and the broader altruistic motives. This dual perspective stresses the psychological and social gains of recognising others, and similarly links it to intrinsic motivation, interpersonal relationships as well as workplace engagement. By including this dimension, the framework evolves to deliberate contemporary perceptions of human fulfilment and underscoring the significance of social validation and community well-being. This proposed addition enriches both individual and collective experiences and positions the concept of recognition as a fundamental psychological and social need in modern civilisation.