Adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye on ozone, purified and sonicated sawdust biochars

Abstract

The synthesized biochars derived from sawdust (SD) SD ozone (SDO) biochar, purified SD (PSD) biochar, and sonicated SD (SSD) biochar, which was employed in the confiscation of methylene blue (MB) dye ion, were characterized employing “Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Thermal gravimetrical analysis (TGA).” The impact of various factors, such as pH, biochar dosage, and initial concentration, on MB dye sequestration, was tested in this study. It was found that the biosorption of MB dye to the various biochars was dependent on the solution pH, with optimum confiscation of MB observed at pH 12 for all biochars. Pseudo-second-order (PSO), Freundlich (FRH)- (SDO and SSD biochars), and Langmuir (LNR)- (PSD biochar) models were used to best describe the biosorption process of MB dye to various biochars. Based on the LNR model fitting to the experimental data, the optimum sorption capacities obtained using SDO, SSD, and PSD biochars were 200, 526, and 769 mg/g, respectively. Electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding played an important role in the interaction mechanism between the various biochars and MB dye. Hence, these studied SDO, PSD, and SSD biochars prepared from cheap, easily accessible, biodegradable, and non-hazardous agro-waste materials can be effectively used for the removal, treatment, and management of MB dye as well as other industrial effluents before their disposal into the environment.