The formation of a Government of National Unity in South Africa: issues, trends, and prospects

Abstract

The political landscape in South Africa changed significantly following adopting the democratic system in 1994. After the African National Congress (ANC) lost its parliamentary majority in the 2024 national elections, a Government of National Unity (GNU) was formed, formalised through a Statement of Intent signed by ten political parties also represented in the National Assembly. This study examines the formation and functioning of the GNU, focusing on its impact on governance and service delivery in South Africa. It also investigates the role of each participating political party within the GNU framework. Using a qualitative research approach, including document analysis, this study offers insights into the potential effectiveness of the GNU and proposes a conceptual framework for policymakers and practitioners in South Africa. This framework can be successful if implemented correctly. The study finds that the GNU is still in its infancy and unstable, with each political party trying to assert its influence in their appointed ministries.