Simulation of performance enhancement of horizontal axis wind turbine with guide ring

Abstract

This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) rotor retrofitted with guide rings, specifically focusing on the optimal guide ring diameter for maximizing efficiency. Computational fluid dynamic simulations were conducted on an ideal, 280 mm diameter rotor fitted with guide rings ranging from 15% to 20% of the rotor diameter with 1% incremental placement, and on the same rotor without a guide ring. The simulations revealed that the rotor with an 18% guide ring provided the best performance, achieving a peak power increase of 2.3% at 180 r/min and maintaining superior performance across a range of rotational speeds. Flow visualization indicated that the guide ring improved axial velocity retention, reduced both axial and tangential induction factors, and enhanced the aerodynamic efficiency of the rotor, particularly at higher (beyond design) rotation speeds. This research provides data and flow visualization that quantifies and provides insight into the potential for enhancing energy extraction from the wind through inclusion of a guide ring in HAWT rotor design—either during manufacture or as a retrofit.