http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5529 Sun, 16 Aug 2026 07:46:48 GMT 2026-08-16T07:46:48Z https://digitalknowledge.cput.ac.za:443/retrieve/25067/ http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5529 http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5539 Title: Toxicity and carcinogenicity of the fusanum monilzforine metabolite, fumonisin B1, in rats. Authors: Gelderblom, Wentzel; Kriek, NPJ; Marasas, WFO; Thiel, PG Abstract: A semi-purified corn-based diet containing 50 mg/kg of pure (not <90%) fumonlsin B1 (FB1), isolated from culture material of Fusarusm monthforme strain MRC 826, was fed to a group of 25 rats over a period of 26 months. A control group of 25 rats received the same diet without FB1 Five rats from each group were killed at 6, 12, 20 and 26 months. The liver was the main target organ in the FB1-rats and the hepatic pathological changes were identical to those previously reported in rats fed culture material of F.moniliforme MRC 826. All FB1-treated rats that died or were killed from 18 months onwards suffered from a micro-and macronodular cirrhosis and had large expansile nodules of cholangiofibrosis at the hilus of the liver. Ten out of 15 FB1-trested rats (66%) that were killed and/or died between 18 and 26 months developed primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Metastases to the heart, lungs or kidneys were present in four of the rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. No neoplastic changes were observed in any of the control rats. Chronic interstitial nephritis was present in the kidneys of FB1-trested rats killed after 26 months. No lesions were observed in the esophagus, heart or forestomach of FB1-trested rats and this is contrary to previous findings when culture material of the fungus was fed to rats. It is conduded that FB1-trested is responsible for the hepatocarcinogenic and the hepatotoxic but not all the other toxic effects of culture material of F.moniliforme MRC 826 in rats. Tue, 01 Jan 1991 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5539 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5538 Title: Leukoencephalomalacia in a horse induced by fumonisin B₁isolated from Fusarium moniliforme Authors: Marasas, Walter F.O; Kellerman, Stephanus T; Gelderblom, Wentzel; Coetzer, Jacobus A.W; Thiel, PG; Van Der Lugt, Jaco J Abstract: Each of two horses was dosed by stomach tube with culture material on maize of Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826. One horse developed severe hepatosis and mild oedema of the brain after 6 doses of 2,5 g of culture material/kg body mass/day in 7 days. The second horse, in a similar experiment but at a dosage rate of 1,25 g/kg/day, developed mild hepatosis and moderate oedema of the brain. In both animals the brain oedema was particularly noticeable in the medulla oblongata. The mycotoxin fumonisin B₁was extracted and purified from the culture material of F. moniliforme MRC, 826 which contained approximately 1 g/kg of this compound. A horse was injected intravenously 7 times from Day 0-Day 9 with 0,125 mg of fumonisin B₁/kg body mass/day. Clinical signs of neurotoxicosis, which appeared on Day 8, included nervousness followed by apathy, a wide-based stance, trembling, ataxia, reluctance to move, paresis of the lower lip and tongue, and an inability to eat or drink. Euthanasia was performed on the horse on Day 10 while the animal was in a tetanic convulsion. The principal lesions were severe oedema of the brain and early, bilaterally symmetrical, focal necrosis in the medulla oblongata. This report provides experimental evidence that fumonisin B₁, produced by F. moniliforme, causes equine leukoencephalomalacia. Fri, 01 Jan 1988 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11189/5538 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z